Initial Sequence Number Abuse The ISN is a four byte integer Used for TCP packet ordering. Four bytes long. ISN predictability is IP stack specific Example encoding: Set the initial SYN packet to ((ASCII character) * KEY) Letter ASCII Key ISN 'D' == 68 * 9876 => 671568 'o' == 111 * 9876 => 1096236 'S == 83 * 9876 => 819708 ' ' == 32 * 9876 => 316032 'n' == 110 * 9876 => 1086360 'o' == 111 * 9876 => 1096236 'w' == 119 * 9876 => 1175244